See -dü on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-di",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-di"
],
[
"ـدی",
"دی#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"ـدی",
"ـدی#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"ـدی",
"ـدی#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"ـدی",
"دی#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"*-di",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-di"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ota:ـدی",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Turkic *-di\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nOttoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nTurkish -dü\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Anatolian Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـدی\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"trk-oat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـدی\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-dü\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tr\" }\" data-lang=\"tr\" data-title=\"-dü\">\nInherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Proto-Turkic *-di.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ota:ـدی",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Turkic *-di\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nOttoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nTurkish -dü\nInherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Proto-Turkic *-di.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Turkic *-di\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nOttoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nTurkish -dü\nInherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Proto-Turkic *-di.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-dı",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-di",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-du",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-dü",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-tı",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-ti",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-tu",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-tü",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "tr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 37 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gör(-mek) (“(to) see”) → gördü (“he/she/it saw”)"
},
{
"text": "gül(-mek) (“(to) laugh”) → güldü (“he/she/it laughed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past tense suffix"
],
"id": "en--dü-tr-suffix-QtZLjzgt",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"past",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 52 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 24 7 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 7 1 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 37 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 48 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "33 37 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "8 55 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 46 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "çöl (“desert”) → çöldü (“it was a desert”)"
},
{
"text": "tüy (“feather”) → tüydü (“it was a feather”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in nouns to indicate that it has been seen in the past; equivalent to English was — were"
],
"id": "en--dü-tr-suffix-Hs8dFP2t",
"links": [
[
"was",
"was#English"
],
[
"were",
"were#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 24 7 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 7 1 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 37 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 37 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "güldüydü (“he/she/it had laughed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reduplicated to form the pluperfect"
],
"id": "en--dü-tr-suffix-HEOHNWaf",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) reduplicated to form the pluperfect"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-müştü"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-dy/"
}
],
"word": "-dü"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-dawö"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-'jüdü"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-rɨ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Cariban/-rɨ"
],
[
"-ry",
"-ry#Kari'na"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "sai-car-pro",
"3": "*-rɨ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Cariban *-rɨ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "car",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kari'na",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Cariban *-rɨ. The development into an imperfective marker is relatively late, and a similar evolution can be observed in the Kari'na cognate -ry.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-chü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-du",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 24 7 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 7 1 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks a noun as possessed; used with most types of nouns, including instruments, kinship terms, body parts, and natural and cultural elements."
],
"id": "en--dü-mch-suffix-mch:possessed",
"senseid": [
"mch:possessed"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun from a verb, representing either the (nonpast) action or the object of the verb; must be accompanied by a personal prefix and an indicator specifying the role of the verb argument indicated by the noun (intransitive argument w-, transitive agent n-, or transitive patient ∅-)."
],
"id": "en--dü-mch-suffix-mch:nominalizer",
"links": [
[
"w-",
"w-#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"n-",
"n-#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"senseid": [
"mch:nominalizer"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the imperfective aspect in many contexts."
],
"id": "en--dü-mch-suffix-uDBHEMz2",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-ɾ̠ɨ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
],
"word": "-dü"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-yi",
"-yi#Pemon"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aoc",
"2": "-yi"
},
"expansion": "Pemon -yi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps ultimately of the same origin as etymology 1 above; a similar construction can be found in Pemon -yi, also homophonic with one of the allomorphs of the Pemon possessive marker.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-chü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 21 11 24 7 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 12 25 7 1 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 13 3 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relativizing clitic; nominalizes a construction containing a finite verb, often to form a relative clause."
],
"id": "en--dü-mch-suffix-mch:relativizer",
"senseid": [
"mch:relativizer"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-ɾ̠ɨ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
],
"word": "-dü"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"Turkish entries with etymon",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish inflectional suffixes",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-di",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-di"
],
[
"ـدی",
"دی#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"ـدی",
"ـدی#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"ـدی",
"ـدی#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"ـدی",
"دی#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"*-di",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-di"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ota:ـدی",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Turkic *-di\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nOttoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nTurkish -dü\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Anatolian Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـدی\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"trk-oat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـدی\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-dü\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tr\" }\" data-lang=\"tr\" data-title=\"-dü\">\nInherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Proto-Turkic *-di.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ota:ـدی",
"text": "++",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Turkic *-di\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nOttoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nTurkish -dü\nInherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Proto-Turkic *-di.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Turkic *-di\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nOttoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di)\nTurkish -dü\nInherited from Ottoman Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Old Anatolian Turkish ـدی (-dı, -di), from Proto-Turkic *-di.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-dı",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-di",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-du",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-dü",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-tı",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-ti",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-tu",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-tü",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "",
"4": "-{{{var}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "tr-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gör(-mek) (“(to) see”) → gördü (“he/she/it saw”)"
},
{
"text": "gül(-mek) (“(to) laugh”) → güldü (“he/she/it laughed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past tense suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"past",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Turkish links with redundant alt parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "çöl (“desert”) → çöldü (“it was a desert”)"
},
{
"text": "tüy (“feather”) → tüydü (“it was a feather”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in nouns to indicate that it has been seen in the past; equivalent to English was — were"
],
"links": [
[
"was",
"was#English"
],
[
"were",
"were#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Turkish dialectal terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "güldüydü (“he/she/it had laughed”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reduplicated to form the pluperfect"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) reduplicated to form the pluperfect"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-müştü"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-dy/"
}
],
"word": "-dü"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"Ye'kwana lemmas",
"Ye'kwana suffixes",
"Ye'kwana terms derived from Proto-Cariban",
"Ye'kwana terms inherited from Proto-Cariban",
"Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-dawö"
},
{
"word": "-'jüdü"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-rɨ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Cariban/-rɨ"
],
[
"-ry",
"-ry#Kari'na"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "sai-car-pro",
"3": "*-rɨ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Cariban *-rɨ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "car",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kari'na",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Cariban *-rɨ. The development into an imperfective marker is relatively late, and a similar evolution can be observed in the Kari'na cognate -ry.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-chü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-du",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Marks a noun as possessed; used with most types of nouns, including instruments, kinship terms, body parts, and natural and cultural elements."
],
"senseid": [
"mch:possessed"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ye'kwana terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun from a verb, representing either the (nonpast) action or the object of the verb; must be accompanied by a personal prefix and an indicator specifying the role of the verb argument indicated by the noun (intransitive argument w-, transitive agent n-, or transitive patient ∅-)."
],
"links": [
[
"w-",
"w-#Ye'kwana"
],
[
"n-",
"n-#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"senseid": [
"mch:nominalizer"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forms the imperfective aspect in many contexts."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-ɾ̠ɨ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
],
"word": "-dü"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"Ye'kwana lemmas",
"Ye'kwana suffixes",
"Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-yi",
"-yi#Pemon"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aoc",
"2": "-yi"
},
"expansion": "Pemon -yi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps ultimately of the same origin as etymology 1 above; a similar construction can be found in Pemon -yi, also homophonic with one of the allomorphs of the Pemon possessive marker.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-chü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nü",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-dü",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Relativizing clitic; nominalizes a construction containing a finite verb, often to form a relative clause."
],
"senseid": [
"mch:relativizer"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-ɾ̠ɨ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
],
"word": "-dü"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -dü meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / ı'",
"path": [
"-dü"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-dü",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / i'",
"path": [
"-dü"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-dü",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'o / u'",
"path": [
"-dü"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-dü",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-dü"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-dü",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'default'",
"path": [
"-dü"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-dü",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'assimilated'",
"path": [
"-dü"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-dü",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.